Geriatrics focuses on the medical, functional and social needs of older adults. The goal is to preserve independence, reduce fall and complication risks, review medications and coordinate care plans with appropriate specialist referrals.
Geriatric medicine evaluates multiple coexisting health issues together with day-to-day function and support needs. People who often benefit include those with several chronic conditions, repeated falls or balance problems, new or worsening memory or orientation changes, or those taking many medications (polypharmacy). Care is tailored to maintain independence and quality of life.
Clinics commonly assess fall risk and home safety, cognitive changes such as memory or orientation problems, mobility and gait, unintended weight loss or poor nutrition, urinary incontinence, mood disorders, and polypharmacy. Geriatricians work with allied professionals to identify reversible contributors and to plan supportive interventions.
A comprehensive geriatric assessment typically includes medical history review, a detailed medication review, physical examination, functional tests (mobility and activities of daily living), cognitive and mood screening, and an evaluation of the social and home environment. Bringing a current medication list, recent medical records and observations from a caregiver helps make the visit more productive.
Before an appointment, prepare a list of regular medications (including over‑the‑counter and supplements), a timeline of recent symptoms and examples of day‑to‑day difficulties. If needed, bring a family member or caregiver. For sudden, severe changes—such as acute chest pain, sudden weakness or numbness, severe breathing difficulty, sudden loss of consciousness or major change in alertness—seek emergency medical care promptly.
Geriatric care often uses a multidisciplinary approach: primary care physicians, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, social workers and nurses collaborate to support the older adult and their caregiver. Common services include home-safety assessments, physical rehabilitation, caregiver respite and links to local social services. Caregiver wellbeing and access to support services are important for sustainable long‑term care.
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