Deviated nasal septum: overview and specialist referral

A deviated nasal septum means the cartilage and/or bone that separates the two sides of the nose is displaced from the midline. This page explains common causes, typical complaints, how the condition is assessed and when to seek ENT evaluation or urgent care.

What it is and common causes

The nasal septum is the structure of cartilage and bone between the nostrils. Deviation can be present from birth, result from nasal trauma, or develop with age. Contributors include genetic factors, injuries to the nose and changes during growth.

Typical symptoms and warning signs

Symptoms often include nasal blockage (sometimes worse on one side), reduced airflow, recurrent nosebleeds, snoring or poorer sleep quality, and occasional facial or head discomfort. Seek emergency care if there is sudden severe breathing difficulty, an uncontrollable heavy nosebleed, or loss of consciousness.

How it’s diagnosed and which specialist to see

Diagnosis is usually made by an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist after a clinical examination of the inside of the nose. The doctor may use nasal endoscopy and, in selected cases, imaging such as CT scan. The ENT evaluates symptom severity and impact on daily life to guide next steps.

Management and measures that may help day to day

Measures to reduce symptoms include keeping the nasal passages moist, using humidifiers, avoiding known allergens and tobacco smoke, and treating coexisting nasal congestion causes. If symptoms are significant despite such measures, an ENT discussion of further options may follow; some patients might be offered procedural interventions. Any decision about procedures is made by the specialist based on individual evaluation.

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