Hand Surgery is the surgical specialty focused on functional problems of the hand, fingers and wrist arising from injury, disease or congenital differences. This page offers general information and guidance; diagnosis and treatment require specialist assessment.
Hand surgery addresses a wide range of conditions including finger and wrist fractures, tendon injuries, nerve compression syndromes (such as carpal tunnel), soft tissue loss after trauma and amputations that may require microsurgical repair. The specialty also evaluates congenital hand differences and plans interventions to restore or improve hand function.
Frequent complaints include pain, swelling, limited movement, deformity of a finger, numbness or weakness. Open fractures, obvious amputations, uncontrolled bleeding, or sudden complete loss of hand function warrant urgent medical attention. If in doubt about severity, seek prompt evaluation at an urgent care or emergency service.
Assessment begins with a focused clinical exam of motion, strength, sensation and circulation. Imaging such as X-ray, ultrasound or MRI and, when indicated, nerve conduction studies help define injuries. Functional assessment takes into account daily activities and work demands to guide decision-making. Definitive plans are based on specialist examination and appropriate tests.
Restoring hand function usually involves a combination of surgical and non-surgical approaches plus rehabilitation. Hand therapy, splinting, progressive strengthening and task-specific retraining support recovery. Return-to-work or activity planning is individualized and often requires coordination between surgeons, therapists and occupational health.
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