Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

This page offers general information about mental health in children and adolescents — how to recognise common signs, what assessments typically involve, and when to consider professional evaluation. It is for general guidance, not personalised diagnosis or treatment.

When to seek specialist assessment

Consider specialist evaluation if a child shows a clear drop in daily functioning — for example prolonged school refusal, marked social withdrawal, persistent sleep or appetite changes, frequent anger outbursts, or thoughts of self‑harm. If there are immediate safety concerns such as active self‑harm or suicidal thoughts, sudden and severe behaviour changes, or any life‑threatening signs, contact local emergency services right away.

Common signs and presentations

Common issues include anxiety (separation anxiety, school avoidance), depressive features (long‑lasting low mood, loss of interest), attention and behaviour difficulties, eating or sleep disturbances, trauma‑related responses and developmental differences. Signs can vary by age, developmental level and the child’s environment.

Assessment process and who is involved

Assessments usually combine a detailed history, behavioural observation and, when indicated, psychological tests. A coordinated team may include child and adolescent psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, family physicians, paediatricians and school support staff. The goal is to identify underlying causes, needs and the most appropriate supports or referrals.

Support for families and ongoing monitoring

Practical steps for families include keeping open communication, maintaining regular routines and sleep habits, working with the school, and supporting the child’s strengths. If patterns of worry, mood change or behavioural problems persist, seek professional evaluation without delay. For urgent safety concerns, contact emergency services or crisis lines.

Frequently asked questions

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