When should you get a check-up if you have a family history of prostate cancer?

Having a family history (first-degree relatives or other close relatives) of prostate cancer may necessitate a prostate risk assessment with a healthcare professional. Seek immediate emergency medical attention if you experience urgent symptoms (e.g., blood in urine, sudden inability to urinate, severe back or bone pain, unexplained weight loss, or rapid deterioration in general condition).

General referral: For individuals with a family history, the possibility of initiating a risk assessment and screening is usually discussed around age 40–45; consult your family physician or a urologist first to determine the exact timing and follow-up. Doctors consider the age of family diagnosis, your personal health history, and risk factors during the assessment.

Which specialist and tests: You can start with your family physician and receive a referral to urology if necessary. Discuss the advantages and limitations of screening options such as PSA blood tests and digital rectal examinations (DRE) with your doctor; follow-up frequency will be determined based on individual risk and test results.

Genetic evaluation: Genetic counseling may be considered if there is a history of multiple first-degree relatives or early-onset diagnosis; consult your doctor for information on this.

Appointment preparation: Note the age at which family members were diagnosed and prepare short questions to ask at your appointment (e.g., what tests are recommended, follow-up intervals, whether genetic evaluation is needed).

This page is for general information and guidance purposes only; it is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment. Consult a healthcare professional if your symptoms worsen, new symptoms develop, or your concerns persist.