Psoriasis is a chronic, immune‑mediated skin condition. This page describes common types, typical symptoms, diagnostic approaches and which medical specialties to consult for assessment and follow‑up.
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder in which skin cells renew faster than normal, producing red, scaly plaques. It can affect the skin and sometimes nails; severity varies. Genetic predisposition and immune system dysregulation both contribute.
The most frequent form is plaque psoriasis, with well‑defined, scaly red patches. Other types include guttate, inverse (in skin folds), pustular and erythrodermic psoriasis. Nail changes such as pitting or thickening are common. Some people develop joint involvement (psoriatic arthritis). Symptoms may include itching, soreness or cosmetic concern.
Diagnosis is usually clinical based on skin appearance; a skin biopsy can be used if the presentation is uncertain. Initial evaluation may begin with primary care; referral to Dermatology is common for confirmation and management. If there are joint symptoms—pain, swelling or stiffness—Rheumatology assessment is advised. Additional tests may be requested to exclude infections or other skin conditions.
Treatment options are determined by a specialist and depend on disease extent and impact; this page does not provide medication advice. Common triggers include infections (e.g., respiratory), skin injury (Koebner phenomenon), stress, smoking and heavy alcohol use. Supportive measures such as regular emollient use, gentle skin care, controlled sun exposure and stress reduction may help symptom control. Seek urgent medical care if you experience sudden widespread redness, high fever, breathing difficulty or facial/throat swelling.
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