Coronary artery disease occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed or blocked, reducing oxygen delivery to heart muscle. This page provides general information on common symptoms, risk factors and broad prevention measures. For individual diagnosis or treatment, consult a healthcare professional.
Coronary arteries deliver oxygen-rich blood to the heart. Over time fatty deposits and other changes can narrow these vessels, reducing blood flow. The condition often develops gradually and can vary in severity; some people have mild narrowing while others experience more significant restriction of blood supply.
Typical symptoms include chest discomfort or pressure, shortness of breath and unusual tiredness. Symptoms can also appear as sweating, nausea, or discomfort radiating to the jaw, neck, shoulder or arm. Certain sudden signs require urgent assessment: severe sudden chest pain, fainting or loss of consciousness, sudden severe breathlessness, or cold sweat with collapse. If these occur, seek emergency medical services promptly.
Factors that increase risk include smoking or tobacco exposure, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, excess weight, physical inactivity and a family history of heart disease. General prevention strategies focus on healthy eating, regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco, maintaining a healthy weight and attending routine health checks. A clinician can assess individual risk and offer tailored guidance.
Initial evaluation is commonly done by a primary care physician or internal medicine doctor; referral to a cardiologist may follow if further testing is needed. Medical evaluation can include a physical exam and tests such as blood work, ECG or imaging when indicated. Which tests are appropriate depends on the clinical assessment by a health professional. This page provides general information, not personalized diagnostic or treatment advice.
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