What are common signs that warrant an infertility evaluation?

The main indicator is not becoming pregnant after the expected time despite regular unprotected intercourse. Other reasons to seek evaluation include irregular or absent periods, severe menstrual pain, recurrent pregnancy loss, or a history of genital infections or pelvic surgery.

Which tests are done first?

Initial testing typically includes a menstrual and medical history, ovulation assessment, basic hormonal blood tests (FSH, AMH, TSH, prolactin), transvaginal ultrasound, tubal imaging (HSG or sonohysterography) when needed, and semen analysis for the partner.

When should we see a specialist?

Consider evaluation after one year of trying if you are under 35, or after six months if you are 35 or older. Seek earlier assessment for irregular cycles, recurrent miscarriages, or other known reproductive health issues.

If diagnosed with infertility, what happens next?

After diagnosis, the care plan is individualized. The specialist team will review test results, identify contributing factors, and discuss appropriate next steps and referrals. Emotional and practical support services may also be offered.

Female infertility

Female infertility is defined by the inability to conceive after one year of regular unprotected intercourse, or earlier when there are recurrent pregnancy losses. This page explains common causes, typical first‑line evaluation steps, and which specialists may be involved in further investigation or care. The information is general and not a substitute for personalized medical advice.

Common causes and risk factors

Many factors can contribute to female infertility. Frequent causes include ovulation disorders (such as polycystic ovary syndrome or premature ovarian insufficiency), tubal problems from pelvic infections or surgery, uterine abnormalities (fibroids, intrauterine adhesions), endometriosis, and advancing maternal age. Lifestyle and general health — tobacco, very high or low body weight, heavy alcohol use, and some chronic conditions — also affect fertility. A male factor is equally important; evaluations are often performed for both partners.

Initial evaluation and common tests

Evaluation usually starts with a detailed medical and menstrual history and physical examination. Common first‑line tests include assessment of ovulation, blood tests for hormones (FSH, AMH, TSH, prolactin), transvaginal ultrasound to look at ovarian reserve and uterine anatomy, and imaging to assess tubal patency (hysterosalpingography or sonohysterography). When indicated, diagnostic laparoscopy may be considered. Semen analysis for the partner is routinely part of the initial workup.

When to see a specialist

As a general rule, couples under 35 who have not conceived after one year and those 35 or older who have not conceived after six months should seek evaluation. Sooner assessment is advised for irregular or absent menstrual cycles, recurrent pregnancy loss, known reproductive system disorders, or prior pelvic infections or surgeries. Specialists involved commonly include Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility; male assessment may involve andrology or urology.

Lifestyle, support and what to expect

Modifiable factors can improve chances: stopping smoking, achieving a healthy weight, and preventing sexually transmitted infections are general measures to support fertility. Psychological and couple counselling can help manage stress and expectations during evaluation. The diagnostic pathway and subsequent steps depend on individual findings; a specialist will explain available options and next steps.

Bu hastalıkla ilişkili sık görülen belirtiler

Absence of menstruation

Delayed period

Irregular periods

Bu hastalık için ilgili branşlar

Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Questions (4)

Düşük sonrası 7 ay gebe kalamamak normal mi?

Geçmişte eroin ve alkol kullanımı çocuk sahibi olmayı etkiler mi?

Hamile kalamama nedenleri ve hangi doktora gidilmeli?

No pregnancy for 1 year: high TSH and prolactin

Frequently asked questions

Specialist referral

Evaluation is typically managed by Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility specialists. Male evaluation may involve andrology or urology; multidisciplinary collaboration is common.

Op. Dr. Ahmet Hakan Bayazıt

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

Op. Dr. Ayfer Okumuş

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

Prof. Dr. Bülent Köstü

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

Op. Dr. Derya Sağlam

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

Op. Dr. İnci kapudere Hansu

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

Op. Dr. Merva Tekelek Susaçan

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Specialist

Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum

HG Hastanesi

Onikişubat

Kahramanmaraş

Make an Appointment

This section may show doctors with a TanıTedavi profile and relevant verified specialty information. The list is not a medical success, superiority or personal recommendation ranking.

Total 4 Question

Hello ❤️

Write your complaint
Let's answer in seconds

Start Chat