Chronic sinusitis is a long-standing inflammation or impaired drainage of the sinus cavities, typically present when symptoms last 12 weeks or more. Factors such as allergies, structural nasal variations, repeated upper respiratory infections or persistent inflammation can contribute. This page offers general information and guidance on which specialties may be involved in evaluation and care.
Chronic sinusitis develops when the sinus lining remains inflamed or unable to drain properly over a prolonged period. Common contributing factors include allergic rhinitis, anatomical issues (for example a deviated septum), recurrent infections and ongoing inflammation. Environmental irritants such as tobacco smoke can worsen symptoms. Individual causes vary and require clinical assessment.
Symptoms often include facial pressure or fullness (sometimes felt around the teeth), nasal congestion, thick or discolored nasal discharge, reduced sense of smell, persistent cough—often worse at night—and headaches. If such symptoms persist for 12 weeks or longer, specialist assessment is advised. Seek urgent medical care if severe signs appear, such as sudden vision changes, marked swelling around the eye or face, high fever, or altered consciousness.
Diagnosis relies on medical history, physical examination and, if needed, imaging. Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) specialists are the usual first referral. Depending on findings, care may involve Allergy and Immunology, Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, or primary care physicians. Common diagnostic tools include nasal endoscopy, sinus CT scanning and allergy testing; the choice depends on individual assessment.
Specific treatment plans are determined by a clinician; this summary does not provide personalized medical advice. General measures that can help symptom control include avoiding tobacco smoke and known triggers, maintaining indoor air quality and humidity, and following guidance from treating clinicians. If symptoms worsen or new concerning signs develop, seek medical evaluation.
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