Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelid margins (lash line) that often follows a chronic or recurring course. This page provides general information; for diagnosis, treatment options, or personal guidance, see an eye care professional.
Blepharitis causes redness, crusting, and discomfort at the eyelid edges. Anterior blepharitis affects the outside of the lashes and is commonly linked to skin bacteria or dermatitis; posterior blepharitis involves dysfunction of the meibomian glands. Some people experience both eyelid and conjunctival inflammation (blepharoconjunctivitis).
Common complaints include itching, burning, a gritty or foreign-body sensation, crusting at the lash base—especially on waking—tearing, intermittent blurred vision, and increased sensitivity when wearing contact lenses. Severe pain, sudden vision loss, or marked light sensitivity require urgent assessment by emergency or eye services.
Blepharitis can be associated with skin conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, bacterial overgrowth, or Demodex mites. Age, skin type, eyelid hygiene, and underlying chronic eye or skin conditions influence risk and recurrence.
Diagnosis is usually made by an ophthalmologist during clinical exam; coordination with dermatology or primary care may be helpful when skin disease is suspected. For elective ocular procedures (including laser refractive surgery), active eyelid or conjunctival inflammation should be evaluated and controlled before proceeding; the treating eye specialist will advise timing and any preparatory measures. In urgent situations such as sudden vision loss or severe pain, seek emergency care.
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