Acute sinusitis

Acute sinusitis is a short-term inflammation of the sinus cavities, often following an upper respiratory infection. Typical complaints include nasal blockage, facial pain or pressure, and thick nasal discharge. The sections below explain common symptoms, likely causes, how specialists assess it, and practical steps for symptom relief and when to seek urgent care.

Symptoms and when to see a specialist

Common signs of acute sinusitis include nasal congestion, facial pain that may extend to the teeth or forehead, thick discolored mucus, reduced sense of smell and sometimes a cough or low-grade fever. Most episodes resolve on their own; see an ENT (ear, nose and throat/otolaryngology) specialist if symptoms markedly worsen, persist beyond a typical short course, or significantly affect daily activities.

Likely causes and risk factors

Many cases follow viral upper respiratory infections. Other contributors include allergic inflammation, structural nasal issues (for example a deviated septum), smoking or secondhand smoke exposure, and dental infections. Individual immune response and environmental exposures can influence symptom severity and recovery time.

How it is evaluated and which specialist to consult

Diagnosis starts with a clinical history and physical exam; ENT specialists inspect the nose and sinuses and may use nasal endoscopy for a closer look. Imaging or further tests are reserved for atypical or recurrent cases. A specialist helps decide which examinations, if any, are appropriate rather than relying on self-diagnosis.

Supportive measures at home and warning signs

Supportive measures such as saline nasal irrigation, maintaining humid air, staying hydrated and rest can ease symptoms. Seek immediate medical attention or go to emergency services if severe features appear — for example sudden vision changes, marked swelling of the face, severe unexplained headache, high fever or any change in consciousness.

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